Tropomodulin 2

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TMOD2

Identifiers

Aliases

TMOD2, N-TMOD, NTMOD, tropomodulin 2

External IDs

OMIM: 602928; MGI: 1355335; HomoloGene: 22817; GeneCards: TMOD2; OMA:TMOD2 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 15 (human)^[1]

Band	15q21.2	Start	51,751,597 bp^[1]
Band	15q21.2	End	51,816,363 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 9 (mouse)^[2]

Band	9 D\|9 42.31 cM	Start	75,472,903 bp^[2]
Band	9 D\|9 42.31 cM	End	75,518,607 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

Brodmann area 23

endothelial cell

middle temporal gyrus

lateral nuclear group of thalamus

primary visual cortex

entorhinal cortex

Pars compacta

parietal lobe

external globus pallidus

postcentral gyrus

Top expressed in

lateral septal nucleus

ventromedial nucleus

lateral geniculate nucleus

visual cortex

anterior amygdaloid area

primary visual cortex

lateral hypothalamus

mammillary body

primary motor cortex

dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	actin binding tropomyosin binding
Cellular component	cytoplasm growth cone neuron projection cytoskeleton striated muscle thin filament myofibril
Biological process	pointed-end actin filament capping positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway neuron-neuron synaptic transmission nervous system development learning or memory muscle contraction actin filament organization myofibril assembly
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


29767


50876

Ensembl


ENSG00000128872


ENSMUSG00000032186

UniProt


Q9NZR1


Q9JKK7

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_014548 NM_001142885


NM_001038710 NM_016711

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001136357 NP_055363


NP_001033799 NP_057920

Location (UCSC)

Chr 15: 51.75 – 51.82 Mb

Chr 9: 75.47 – 75.52 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Tropomodulin 2 (neuronal) also known as TMOD2 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TMOD2 gene.^[5]

Function

This gene encodes a neuronal-specific member of the tropomodulin family of actin-regulatory proteins. The encoded protein caps the pointed end of actin filaments preventing both elongation and depolymerization. The capping activity of this protein is dependent on its association with tropomyosin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000128872 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032186 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Cox PR, Zoghbi HY (January 2000). "Sequencing, expression analysis, and mapping of three unique human tropomodulin genes and their mouse orthologs". Genomics. 63 (1): 97–107. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6061. PMID 10662549.
^ "Entrez Gene: TMOD2, Tropomodulin 2 (neuronal)".

Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Pawlak G, McGarvey TW, Nguyen TB, et al. (2004). "Alterations in tropomyosin isoform expression in human transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder". Int. J. Cancer. 110 (3): 368–73. doi:10.1002/ijc.20151. PMID 15095301. S2CID 875146.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
Watakabe A, Kobayashi R, Helfman DM (1996). "N-tropomodulin: a novel isoform of tropomodulin identified as the major binding protein to brain tropomyosin". J. Cell Sci. 109 (9): 2299–310. doi:10.1242/jcs.109.9.2299. PMID 8886980.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Proteins of the cytoskeleton

Human

Microfilaments
and ABPs

Myofilament

Actins	A1 A2 B C1 G1 G2
Myosins	I MYO1A MYO1B MYO1C MYO1D MYO1E MYO1F MYO1G MYO1H) II MYH1 MYH2 MYH3 MYH4 MYH6 MYH7 MYH7B MYH8 MYH9 MYH10 MYH11 MYH13 MYH14 MYH15 MYH16 III MYO3A MYO3B V MYO5A MYO5B MYO5C VI MYO6 VII MYO7A MYO7B IX MYO9A MYO9B X MYO10 XV MYO15A XVIII MYO18A MYO18B LC MYL1 MYL2 MYL3 MYL4 MYL5 MYL6 MYL6B MYL7 MYL9 MYLIP MYLK MYLK2 MYLL1
Other	Tropomodulin 1 2 3 4 Troponin T 1 2 3 C 1 2 I 1 2 3 Tropomyosin 1 2 3 4 Actinin 1 2 3 4 Arp2/3 complex actin depolymerizing factors Cofilin 1 2 Destrin Gelsolin Profilin 1 2 Titin

Other

Intermediate
filaments

Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)

Epithelial keratins (soft alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 chromosome 12 18 none 21 type II/chromosome 12 1 2A 3 4 5 6A 6B 6C 7 8
Hair keratins (hard alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 31 32 33A 33B 34 35 36 37 38 type II/chromosome 12 81 82 83 84 85 86
Ungrouped alpha	chromosome 17 23 24 25 26 27 28 39 40 chromosome 12 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Not alpha	Beta-keratin

Type 3

Type 4

Type 5

Microtubules
and MAPs

Tubulins	TUBA1A TUBA1B TUBA1C TUBA3C TUBA3D TUBA3E TUBA4A TUBA8 TUBB TUBB1 TUBB2A TUBB2B TUBB2C TUBB3 TUBB4 TUBB4Q TUBB6 TUBB8 TUBG1 TUBG2 TUBGCP2 TUBGCP3 TUBGCP4 TUBGCP5 TUBGCP6 TUBD1 TUBE1
MAPs	EB1 EB2 EB3 MAP1A MAP1B MAP2 MAP4
Kinesins	KIF1A KIF1B KIF2A KIF2C KIF3B KIF3C KIF4A KIF4B KIF5A KIF5B KIF5C KIF6 KIF7 KIF9 KIF11 KIF12 KIF13A KIF13B KIF14 KIF15 KIF16B KIF17 KIF18A KIF18B KIF19 KIF20A KIF20B KIF21A KIF21B KIF22 KIF23 KIF24 KIF25 KIF26A KIF26B KIF27 KIFC1 KIFC2 KIFC3
Dyneins	axonemal: DNAH1 DNAH2 DNAH3 DNAH5 DNAH6 DNAH7 DNAH8 DNAH9 DNAH10 DNAH11 DNAH12 DNAH13 DNAH14 DNAH17 DNAI1 DNAI2 DNALI1 DNAL1 DNAL4 cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1 DYNC2H1 DYNC1I1 DYNC1I2 DYNC1LI1 DYNC1LI2 DYNC2LI1 DYNLL1 DYNLL2 DYNLRB1 DYNLRB2 DYNLT1 DYNLT3
Microtubule organising proteins	CAMSAP1 CAMSAP2 CAMSAP3 Centrin 1 Centrin 2 Centrin 3 PCM1
Microtubule severing proteins	Katanin Spastin
Other	Tau protein Dynactin DCTN1 Stathmin Tektin TEKT1 TEKT2 TEKT3 TEKT4 TEKT5 Dynamin DNM1 DNM2 DNM3