William Wells Brown

William Wells Brown

William Wells Brown (lahir sekitar 1814 – 6 November 1884) adalah seorang abolisionis Afrika Amerika ternama, dosen abolisionisme, penulis novel, penulis drama, dan sejarawan. Terlahir sebagai budak di Montgomery County, Kentucky, dekat Mount Sterling, Brown melarikan diri ke Utara pada tahun 1834, di mana ia bekerja untuk kepentingan abolitionisme dan merupakan seorang penulis yang aktif. Novelnya Clotel (1853) dianggap sebagai novel utama yang ditulis seorang Afrika Amerika. Bukunya diterbitkan di London, di mana ia bertempat tinggal. Brown adalah seorang pelopor dalam beberapa aliran kesusastraan, termasuk travelog, fiksi dan drama. Di Lexington ada sebuah sekolah yang dinamai menurutnya dan ia merupakan salah seorang penulis pertama yang dimasukkan ke Hall of Fame, penulis Kentucky.[1]

Ketika undang-undang Budak Buronan Fugitive Law Act (1850) diberlakukan, Brown berada di Britania, untuk menghindar aupaya tidak ditangkap dan diperbudak lagi. Setelah kebebasan mereka ditebus oleh sepasang suami istri Britania, Brown dan dua anak perempuannya kembali ke AS. Ia bergabung dengan ceramah abolisionis. Brown hidup semasa dengan Frederick Douglass, abolisionis ternama AS dan sering dikalahkannya. Kedua juga sering berseteru di tempat umum.

Referensi

  1. ^ Kentucky's First Writer
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Narasi budak
  • Slave Narrative Collection
Individu
menurut benua
Afrika
  • Robert Adams (c. 1790–?)
  • Francis Bok (b. 1979)
  • James Leander Cathcart (1767–1843)
  • Ólafur Egilsson (1564–1639)
  • Hark Olufs (1708–1754)
  • Mende Nazer (b. 1982)
  • Thomas Pellow (1705–?)
  • Joseph Pitts (1663 – c. 1735)
  • Guðríður Símonardóttir (1598–1682)
  • Petro Kilekwa (akhir 19th c.)
Eropa
  • Lovisa von Burghausen (1698–1733)
  • Olaudah Equiano (c. 1745 Nigeria – 31 March 1797 Eng)
  • Ukawsaw Gronniosaw (c. 1705 Bornu – 1775 Eng)
  • Roustam Raza (1783–1845)
  • Brigitta Scherzenfeldt (1684–1736)
Amerika Utara:
Kanada
Amerika Utara:
Karibia
  • Juan Francisco Manzano (1797–1854, Cuba)
  • Esteban Montejo (1860–1965, Cuba)
  • Mary Prince
  • Venerable Pierre Toussaint (1766 Saint-Dominque – June 30, 1853 NY)
  • Marcos Xiorro (c. 1819 – ???, Puerto Rico)
Amerika Utara:
Amerika Serikat
  • Sam Aleckson
  • Jordan Anderson
  • William J. Anderson
  • Jared Maurice Arter
  • Solomon Bayley
  • Polly Berry
  • Henry Bibb
  • Leonard Black
  • Henry "Box" Brown
  • John Brown
  • William Wells Brown
  • Peter Bruner (1845 KY – 1938 OH)
  • Ellen and William Craft
  • Hannah Crafts
  • Lucinda Davis
  • Noah Davis
  • Lucy Delaney
  • Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
  • Frederick Douglass
  • Kate Drumgoold
  • Jordan Winston Early (1814 – after 1894)
  • Sarah Jane Woodson Early
  • David George
  • Moses Grandy
  • William Green (19th century MD)
  • William Grimes
  • Josiah Henson
  • Fountain Hughes (1848/1854 VA – 1957)
  • John Andrew Jackson
  • Harriet Ann Jacobs
  • John Jea
  • Thomas James (minister)
  • Paul Jennings (1799–1874)
  • Elizabeth Keckley
  • Boston King
  • Lunsford Lane
  • J. Vance Lewis
  • Jermain Wesley Loguen
  • Solomon Northup
  • John Parker (1827 VA – 1900)
  • William Parker
  • James Robert
  • Moses Roper
  • Omar ibn Said
  • William Henry Singleton
  • Venture Smith
  • Austin Steward (1793 VA – 1860)
  • Venerable Pierre Toussaint (1766 Saint-Dominque – 1853 NY)
  • Harriet Tubman
  • Wallace Turnage
  • Bethany Veney
  • Booker T. Washington
  • Wallace Willis (19th century Indian Territory)
  • Harriet E. Wilson
  • Zamba Zembola (b. c. 1780 Congo)
Amerika Selatan
  • Osifekunde (c. 1795 Nigeria – ? Brazil)
  • Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua (1845–1847, Brazil)
  • Miguel de Buría (? Puerto Rico – 1555 Venezuela)
Buku non-fiksi
  • The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano (1789)
  • The Narrative of Robert Adams (1816)
  • American Slavery as It Is (1839)
  • Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845)
  • The Life of Josiah Henson (1849)
  • Twelve Years a Slave (1853)
  • My Bondage and My Freedom (1855)
  • Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861)
  • The Underground Railroad Records (1872)
  • Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1881)
  • Up from Slavery (1901)
  • Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States (1936–38)
  • The Peculiar Institution (1956)
  • The Slave Community (1972)
Fiction/novels
  • Oroonoko (1688)
  • Sab (1841)
  • Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)
  • The Heroic Slave (1852)
  • Clotel (1853)
  • Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp (1856)
  • The Bondwoman's Narrative (c. 1853c. 1861)
  • Our Nig (1859)
  • Jubilee (1966)
  • The Confessions of Nat Turner (1967)
  • Roots: The Saga of an American Family (1976)
  • Underground to Canada (1977)
  • Kindred (1979)
  • Dessa Rose (1986)
  • Beloved (1987)
  • Middle Passage (1990)
  • Queen: The Story of an American Family (1993)
  • Hang a Thousand Trees with Ribbons (1996)
  • Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade (2001)
  • Walk Through Darkness (2002)
  • The Known World (2003)
  • Unburnable (2006)
  • Copper Sun (2006)
  • The Book of Negroes (2007)
  • The Underground Railroad (2016)
Buku remaja
  • Amos Fortune, Free Man (1951)
  • I, Juan de Pareja (1965)
  • The Slave-Girl from Jerusalem (2007)
Essay
  • To a Southern Slaveholder (1848)
  • A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin (1853)
Plays
  • The Escape; or, A Leap for Freedom (1858)
  • The Octoroon (1859)
Terkait
  • African-American literature
  • Atlantic slave trade
  • Caribbean literature
  • Films featuring slavery
  • Songs of the Underground Railroad
  • Book of Negroes (1783)
  • Cotton Plantation Record and Account Book (1847)
  • Slave Songs of the United States (1867)
  • Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery (2002)
  • The Hemingses of Monticello (2008)
Dokumenter
  • Unchained Memories (2003)
  • Frederick Douglass and the White Negro (2008)