Japanese long-eared bat

Japanese Long-eared Bat
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Family:	Vespertilionidae
Genus:	Plecotus
Species:	P. sacrimontis
Binomial name
Plecotus sacrimontis G. M. Allen, 1908
Synonyms
Plecotus auritus sacrimontis (Allen, 1908)

The Japanese long-eared bat (Plecotus sacrimontis) is a species of vesper bat endemic to Japan, where it is found in Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku. It has distinctive, long ears, hence its Japanese name, the 'rabbit bat'. Formerly included as a subspecies of the European bat Plecotus auritus, genetic studies now indicate Plecotus sacrimontis is a separate species.^[2]

Taxonomy and etymology

It was described as a new species in 1908 by American zoologist Glover Morrill Allen. The holotype had been collected in December 1906 by Alan Owston on Mount Fuji. Allen received the specimen from Thomas Barbour. Allen noted that it resembled the brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus.^[3] Its species name "sacrimontis" is from Latin sacer meaning "sacred" and mons meaning "mountain."^[4]

In 1929, Nikolay Alekseyevich Bobrinski published that he considered P. sacrimontis as a synonym of P. auritus. In 1938, Allen himself expressed doubts about P. sacrimontis as a species, saying "Bobrinski...is very likely right in believing the name a synonym of P. auritus."^[5] In 1942, George Henry Hamilton Tate published that he considered P. sacrimontis as a subspecies of P. auritus, with a trinomen of P. auritus sacrimontis.^[6] This was largely maintained until 2006, when Spitzenberger et al. revised the genus Plecotus. They found that P. sacrimontis had a high genetic distance from other Plecotus species, and thus determined that it should be considered a full species rather than a subspecies of P. auritus.^[7]

Description

It has woolly fur and a "mask" of darker fur on its face.^[7]

Range and habitat

Its range includes several islands of Japan, including Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Rebun, and Rishiri. It is also found on the Kuril Islands, specifically Iturup and Kunashir.^[1] It has been documented at a range of elevations from 700–1,700 m (2,300–5,600 ft) above sea level.^[1]

Conservation

As of 2019, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN.^[1]

References

Wikispecies has information related to Plecotus sacrimontis.