Fujiwara no Yoshifusa

9th Century Japanese statesman and Regent to the Emperor
Fujiwara no Yoshifusa by Kikuchi Yōsai

Fujiwara no Yoshifusa (藤原 良房, 804 – October 7, 872), also known as Somedono no Daijin or Shirakawa-dono, was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Heian period.[1]

When Yoshifusa's grandson was enthroned as Emperor Seiwa, Yoshifusa assumed the role of regent (sesshō) for the young monarch.[1] He was the first sesshō in Japanese history who was not himself of imperial rank; and he was the first of a series of regents from the Fujiwara clan.[1]

Career

He was a minister during the reigns of Emperor Ninmyō, Emperor Montoku and Emperor Seiwa.[1]

  • 834 (Jōwa 1, 9th day of the 7th month): Sangi
  • 835 (Jōwa 2): Gon-no-Chūnagon
  • 840 (Jōwa 7): Chūnagon
  • 842 (Jōwa 9): Dainagon
  • 848 (Saikō 1, 1st month): Udaijin[2]
  • 857 (Saikō 4, 19th day of the 2nd month): Daijō Daijin[3]
  • 858 (Ten'an 2, 7th day of the 11th month): Sesshō for Emperor Seiwa.[4]
  • October 7, 872 (Jōgan 14, 2nd day of the 9th month): Yoshifusa died at the age of 69.[5]

Yoshifusa conceived the programme of boy-sovereigns with Fujiwara regents; and his adopted son, Mototsune, carried out the plans.[6]

Genealogy

This member of the Fujiwara clan was the son of Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu.[1] Yoshifusa's brothers were Fujiwara no Nagayoshi,[7] Fujiwara no Yoshisuke[8] and Fujiwara no Yoshikado.[9]

Marriages and children

He was married to Minamoto no Kiyohime (源 潔姫), daughter of Emperor Saga.

They had only one daughter.

He adopted his brother Nagara's third son.

Yoshifusa is referred to as Chūjin Kō (忠仁公) (posthumous title was Daijō Daijin).

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Nakahira" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 212, p. 212, at Google Books; Brinkley, Frank et al. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era, p. 203., p. 203, at Google Books
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 135., p. 135, at Google Books; see "Fousiwara-no Yosi fousa", pre-Hepburn romanization
  3. ^ Titsingh, p. 114., p. 114, at Google Books; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). The Future and the Past, p. 285; n.b., Yoshifusa was the first minister to be promoted to Daijō-daijin. That high office was previously filled by Imperial Princes only.
  4. ^ Brown, p. 286.
  5. ^ Titsingh, p. 120., p. 120, at Google Books.
  6. ^ Brinkley, p. 237., p. 237, at Google Books
  7. ^ Brinkley, p. 203., p. 203, at Google Books
  8. ^ Titsingh, p. 114., p. 114, at Google Books
  9. ^ Florenz, Karl. (1906) Geschichte der japanischen Litteratur, Vols. 1-2, p. 208., p. 208, at Google Books

References

  • Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era. New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099
  • Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  • (in Japanese) Hioki, S. (1990). Nihon Keifu Sōran. Tokyo: Kōdansya.
  • (in Japanese) Kasai, M. (1991). Kugyō Bunin Nenpyō. Tokyo: Yamakawa Shuppan-sha
  • (in Japanese) Kodama, K. (1978). Nihon-shi Shō-jiten, Tennō. Tokyo: Kondō Shuppan-sha.
  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
  • (in Japanese) Owada, T. et al. (2003). Nihonshi Shoka Keizu Jimmei Jiten. Tokyo: Kōdansya.
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
  • v
  • t
  • e
Fujiwara family tree
Kamatari[1]
614–669
Fuhito[2]
659–720
NANKE branchHOKKE branchSHIKIKE branchKYŌKE branch
Muchimaro[2]
680–737		Fusasaki[2]
681–737		Umakai[2]
694–737		Maro[2]
695–737
Toyonari[3]
704–766		Nakamaro[3]
706–764		Otomaro[4]Nagate[5]
714–771		Matate[4]
715–766		Uona[6]
721–783		Kaedemaro[7]
723–776		Yoshitsugu[8]
716–777		Tamaro[9]
722–783		Momokawa[10]
732–779		Hamanari[11]
724–790
Tsuginawa[12]
727–796		Korekimi[13]
727–789		Uchimaro[14]
756–812		Sonohito[12]
756–819		Otsugu[12]
774–843
Fuyutsugu[15]
775–826
Nagara[1]
802–826		Yoshifusa[1]
804–872		Yoshiyo[16]
823–900
Mototsune[17]
836–891
Tokihira[18][12]
871–909		Tadahira[12]
880–949
Saneyori[12]
900–970		Morosuke[12]
909–960
Yoritada[19]
924–989		Koretada[12]
924–972		Yoritada[12][20]
925–977		Kaneie[12][19]
929–990
Michitaka[21][22]
953–995		Michikane[22]
961–995		Michinaga[23]
966–1028
Yorimichi[24][25]
992–1074		Norimichi[26]
996–1075
Morozane[27]
1042–1101
Moromichi[28]
1062–1099
Tadazane[29]
1075–1162
Tadamichi[30]
1097–1164		Yorinaga[31]
1120–1156
Konoe
Family		Matsudono
Family		Kujō
Family
Konoe Motozane[32]
1143–1166		Matsudono Motofusa[33]
1144?–1231		Kujō Kanezane[30]
1149–1207
Konoe Motomichi[16][34]
1160–1233		Matsudono Moroie[33]
1172–1238		Kujō Yoshitsune[35]
1169–1206
Konoe Iezane[34]
1179–1242		Kujō Michiie[35]
1193–1252
Takatsukasa
Family		Nijō
Family		Ichijō
Family
Konoe Kanetsune[36]
1210–1259		Takatsukasa Kanehira[37]
1228–1294		Kujō Norizane[38]
1211–1235		Nijō Yoshizane[39]
1216–1271		Ichijō Sanetsune[40]
1223–1284
Notes
  1. ^ a b c Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era. New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099
  2. ^ a b c d e Kanai, Madoka; Nitta, Hideharu; Yamagiwa, Joseph Koshimi (1966). A topical history of Japan. Sub-Committee on Far Eastern Language Instruction of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. p. 6.
  3. ^ a b Brown, Delmer M. (1988). The Cambridge History of Japan: Volume 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521223522.
  4. ^ a b 平城宮兵部省跡. 奈良文化財研究所. 2005. p. 168.
  5. ^ Yoshikawa, Toshiko (2006). 仲麻呂政権と藤原永手・八束（真楯）・千尋（御楯）. Hanawa Shobō (塙書房). ISBN 978-4-8273-1201-0.
  6. ^ Tyler, Royall (1993). The Book of the Great Practice: The Life of the Mt. Fuji Ascetic Kakugyō Tōbutsu Kū (PDF). Asian Folklore Studies. p. 324.
  7. ^ Yoneda, Yūsuke (2002). 藤原摂関家の誕生. 吉川弘文館. p. 139.
  8. ^ Nakagawa, Osamu (1991). "藤原良継の変" [The Rise of Fujiwara no Yoshitsugu]. 奈良朝政治史の研究 [Political History of the Nara Period] (in Japanese). Takashina Shoten (高科書店).
  9. ^ Kimoto, Yoshinobu (1998). 藤原式家官人の考察. 高科書店. p. 47. ISBN 978-4-87294-923-0.
  10. ^ Takemitsu, Makoto (2013). 日本史の影の主役藤原氏の正体: 鎌足から続く1400年の歴史. PHP研究所. p. 103. ISBN 978-4569761046.
  11. ^ http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~sg2h-ymst/hamanari.html
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). In Japan Encyclopedia at Google Books; Brinkley, Frank et al. (1915).
  13. ^ Kimoto, Yoshinobu (2004). "『牛屋大臣』藤原是公について" [On "Ushiya-Daijin" Fujiwara no Korekimi]. 奈良時代の藤原氏と諸氏族 [The Fujiwara Clan and Other Clans of the Nara Period] (in Japanese). Ohfu.
  14. ^ Kurihara, Hiromu. 藤原内麿家族について [The Family of Fujiwara no Uchimaro]. Japanese History (日本歴史) (in Japanese) (511).
  15. ^ Kurihara, Hiromu (2008). "藤原冬嗣家族について" [Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu's Family]. 平安前期の家族と親族 [Family and Relatives During the Early Heian Period] (in Japanese). Azekura Shobo (校倉書房). ISBN 978-4-7517-3940-2.
  16. ^ a b 公卿補任 [Kugyō Bunin] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1982.
  17. ^ Kitayama, Shigeo (1973). 日本の歴史4 平安京 [History of Japan IV: Heian-kyō] (in Japanese). Chūkō Bunko (中公文庫). p. 242.
  18. ^ 日本古代氏族人名辞典（普及版） [Dictionary of Names from Ancient Japanese Clans (Trade Version)] (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 2010. ISBN 978-4-642-01458-8.
  19. ^ a b Nobuyoshi, Yamamoto (2003). 摂関政治史論考 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02394-8.
  20. ^ Haruo, Sasayama (2003). "藤原兼通の政権獲得過程". 日本律令制の展開 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). ISBN 978-4-642-02393-1.
  21. ^ Frederic, Louis (2002). "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  22. ^ a b Papinot, Edmond (1910). Historical and geographical dictionary of Japan. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha.
  23. ^ Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  24. ^ Varley, Paul (2000). Japanese Culture. Fourth Edition. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Press.
  25. ^ Uejima, Susumu (2010). "日本中世社会の形成と王権". 中世庄園制の形成過程―〈立庄〉再考 (in Japanese). The University of Nagoya Press. ISBN 978-4-8158-0635-4.
  26. ^ Owada, Tetsuo (2003). 日本史諸家系図人名辞典 (in Japanese). Kodansha. ISBN 978-4062115780.
  27. ^ "卷之一百四十二 列傳第六十九". 大日本史 (in Japanese). 1715.
  28. ^ Kimoto, Yoshinobu (2000). "後二条師通記と藤原師通". 平安朝官人と記録の研究―日記逸文にあらわれたる平安公卿の世界 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4273031565.
  29. ^ Araki, Hiroshi (2009). "中世の皇統迭立と文学形成 1院政期から中世への視界 坂上の宝剣と壺切―談話録に見る皇統・儀礼の古代と中世―". 皇統迭立と文学形成 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4-7576-0513-8.
  30. ^ a b Sansom, George (1958). A history of Japan to 1334. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0804705232.
  31. ^ "The World Turned Upside Down" translated by Kathe Roth, p. 27
  32. ^ Yamada, Akiko (2010). 中世前期女性院宮の研究 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4784214969.
  33. ^ a b Natanabe, Naohiko (1994). 古代史論叢 (in Japanese). ISBN 978-4797106558.
  34. ^ a b "藤原北家．近衛". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 57.
  35. ^ a b "藤原北家．九条". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 77.
  36. ^ "藤原北家．近衛". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 65.
  37. ^ Jinson [in Japanese]. 大乗院日記目録.
  38. ^ "藤原北家．九条". 尊卑分脈 (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kōbunkan (吉川弘文館). 1904. p. 80.
  39. ^ ネケト. 二条家（摂家） (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2004-08-15. Retrieved 2007-09-09.
  40. ^ ネケト. 一条家（摂家） (in Japanese). Retrieved 2007-08-18.
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